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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>TMN submittal: <a href="http://cals.arizona.edu/extension/tuesday/form/submittal_form.html">http://cals.arizona.edu/extension/tuesday/form/submittal_form.html</a><span style='color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>Tuesday Morning Notes <o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>May 22</span></b><b><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>, 2012<span style='color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>FROM THE DIRECTOR:<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>In less than two weeks we will celebrate the 150th anniversary of the Morrill Act (aka the "Land-grant College Act”) which was signed into law by Abraham Lincoln on June 2, 1862. This single piece of legislation put on track the development of public "land-grant" institutions in every state of the union including the University of Arizona. In CALS, we have all been spending a lot of time and energy lately working on our strategic plans regarding our future for the next 10 years. However, I think it is also very important for us to stop and review our history, consider where we have come from, and how we have come to be in the form that we see today at the UA and CALS.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>The early 1860's marked a significant period in our nation's history. Not only was the U.S. embroiled in the Civil War, but this period also witnessed the implementation of several important pieces of legislation. The U.S. Congress had been gridlocked since the 1850's due primarily to the political divisions associated with slavery. In 1862 Abraham Lincoln was elected President and 11 southern states seceded from the Union, after which Congress began to move.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>On May 15, 1862 Abraham Lincoln signed legislation creating a Department of Agriculture. Then on May 20, Congress passed the Homestead Act which had a huge impact on the settlement of the western lands of the U.S. The Homestead Act provided for the eligibility of a purchase of 160 acres of land for $18 by people living on and farming the land for five years. Any citizen or intended citizen was eligible if they had never taken up arms against the U.S., including female heads of households, and African Americans who became citizens under the 14th Amendment. Unfortunately, the Homestead Act provided for the displacement of the Native Americans.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>The Morrill Act was passed and signed by President Lincoln on June 2, 1862 providing for the foundation of land-grant universities in every state of the union with the basic purpose of developing public universities in each state to "educate the populace in agriculture, home economics, mechanical<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>arts, and other professions."<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>The basic foundation and philosophy associated with the formation of the land-grant institutions can be traced back to the thinking of Thomas Jefferson in the very early years of the 19th century that were perhaps best developed in his writings on the "General Diffusion of Knowledge." In these writings he pointed to the need of a progressive republic to have a well-educated voting population. In the early 1800's higher education was available only to the very wealthy class of citizens. Thus, Jefferson saw the need for public institutions to provide an affordable college education to the general population. He also called for the need of these public institutions to "bring science to bear on practical problems."<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>With the implementation of the Morrill Act in 1862, we can see the connection to Jefferson's ideas and the root of the public institutions, such as the UA that we have today. The more complete development of the land-grant model took place with the signing of the Hatch Act in 1887 that provided for the formation of the Agricultural Experiment Stations associated with each land-grant institution. This was followed by the completion of the Smith-Lever Act of 1914 that established a system of Cooperative Extension services associated with each of the land-grant universities.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>It is my contention that the land-grant institution model is still entirely relevant to modern American society in the 21st century, consistent with the early visions of Thomas Jefferson. We still need a well-educated populace and the 21st century problems certainly require the application of good<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>science and technology. The land-grant model we have today with the capacity of directing strong degree programs (Academic Programs), the development of robust research programs (Agricultural Experiment Station), and the bridging and engagement with the university and the public (Extension system) are absolutely critical features in this type of public institution. This is a university model that is envied in many parts of the world and it should be worthy of the public and our efforts to strengthen and build organizations such as CALS for the future needs of our society.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>FACULTY CONFERENCE:<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>I am pleased to announce that there will be a CALS Extension Conference scheduled for August 15-17. Both on- and off-campus Extension faculty, as well as Program Coordinators (at the direction of their County Directors), are invited to attend. A planning committee is being formed and more details will follow.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Jeffrey C. Silvertooth<br>Associate Dean<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Director for Economic Development & Extension<br>College of Agriculture and Life Sciences<br>PO Box 210036<br>Tucson, AZ 85721-0036<br>520.621.7205<br>520.621.1314 (fax)<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><i><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>To submit tips, suggestions, ideas for changes and anything that could help us be more effective, use the “<a href="http://extension.arizona.edu/state/directors-suggestion-box">Director’s Suggestion Box</a>” – all submissions are anonymous. <o:p></o:p></span></i></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div></body></html>